# System Monitor Manual V2.2

## ਜਾਣ ਪਛਾਣ

The System Monitor application enables you to display basic system information and monitor system processes, usage of system resources, and file systems. You can also use System Monitor to modify the behavior of your system.

ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਵਿੰਡੋ ਦੇ ਚਾਰ ਟੈਬ ਭਾਗ ਹਨ:

ਸਿਸਟਮ

- Displays various basic information about the computer's hardware and software.

  ਡਿਸਟਰੀਬਿਊਸ਼ਨ

- - ਡਿਸਟਰੀਬਿਊਸ਼ਨ ਵਰਜਨ

  - ਲੀਨਕਸ ਕਰਨਲ ਵਰਜਨ

  - ਗਨੋਮ ਵਰਜਨ

ਹਾਰਡਵੇਅਰ

- - ਇੰਸਟਾਲ ਹੋਈ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

  - ਪਰੋਸੈਸਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਪੀਡ

ਸਿਸਟਮ ਹਾਲਤ

- - ਮੌਜੂਦਾ ਉਪਲੱਬਧ ਡਿਸਕ ਥਾਂ

ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ

- Shows active processes, and how processes are related to each other. Provides detailed information about individual processes, and enables you to control active processes.

ਸਰੋਤ (ਰੀਸੋਰਸ)

- ਅੱਗੇ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਸਰੋਤਾਂ ਦੀ ਮੌਕੇ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਵੇਖਾਉਦਾ ਹੈ:

  - CPU (ਸੈਂਟਰਲ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈਸਿੰਗ ਯੂਨਿਟ) ਸਮਾਂ

  - ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੈਪ ਥਾਂ

  - ਨੈੱਟਵਰਕ ਵਰਤੋਂ

ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ

- Lists all mounted file systems along with basic information about each.

## ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰੋ

### ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਚਲਾਉਣ ਲਈ

ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਢੰਗਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰੋ:

ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮੇਨੂ

- ਪਰਸ਼ਾਸ਼ਨ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਚੁਣੋ।

ਕਮਾਂਡ ਲਾਇਨ

- ਅੱਗੇ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਕਮਾਂਡ ਚਲਾਓ: `gnome-system-monitor`

### ਜਦੋਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਚਲਾ ਲਵੋ ਤਾਂ

When you start System Monitor, the following window is displayed:

#### ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਝਰੋਖਾ

ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਮੁੱਖ ਝਰੋਖਾ ਵੇਖਾਉਦਾ ਹੈ।

ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਝਰੋਖੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਭਾਗ ਹਨ:

ਮੇਨੂ-ਪੱਟੀ

- The menus on the menubar contain all of the commands that you need to work with System Monitor.

ਵੇਖਾਉਣ ਖੇਤਰ

- The display area contains the system monitor information. The display area contains the following tabbed sections:

  - ਸਿਸਟਮ

    Contains a list of basic system properties, such as system software versions and hardware specifications and status.

  - ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ

    Contains a list of processes organized as a table, a list of load averages over the past few minutes, and an End Process button.

  - ਸਰੋਤ (ਰੀਸੋਰਸ)

    Contains a CPU History graph, a Memory and Swap History graph, and a Network History graph.

  - ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ

    Contains a table of currently mounted file systems.

ਹਾਲਤ-ਪੱਟੀ

- The statusbar displays information about current System Monitor activity and contextual information about the menu items.

## ਵਰਤੋਂ

### ਮੁੱਢਲੀ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਵੇਖਣੀ

To display basic system information, select the System tab.

In the System tab, information is organized into three groups:

- System Information

- ਹਾਰਡਵੇਅਰ

- ਸਿਸਟਮ ਹਾਲਤ

### ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ

To display the process list, select the Processes tab.

In the Processes tab, the processes are organized as a table. The rows of the table display information about the processes. The columns represent information fields for the processes, such as the name of the user who owns the process, the amount of memory currently being used by the process, and so on. From left to right, the Processes tab displays the following columns by default:

- ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨਾਂ

- ਹਾਲਤ

- %CPU

- ਨਾਈਸ

- ID

- ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ 'ਚ ਕਾਲਮ ਵੇਖਣੇ ਕਿੰਝ ਬਦਲਣ ਹਨ, ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲਈ gnome-system-monitor-prefs-proclist ਵੇਖੋ।

#### ਮੁੱਢਲਾ (ਪੇਰੈੱਟ) ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਅਤੇ ਚਾਲਈਡ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ

A parent process is a process that spawns another process. The spawned process is a child process of the original parent process. By default, System Monitor does not show process dependencies. For information about how to change the default display behavior, see gnome-system-monitor-modify-processlist-viewdeps.

#### ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਅਤੇ ਨਾਈਸ ਮੁੱਲ

Processes run in order of priority: high-priority processes run before low-priority processes. Child processes generally inherit their priority from their parent process.

The priority of a process is set by the nice value of the process, as follows:

- A nice value of 0 means that the process has normal priority.

- The higher the nice value, the lower the priority.

- The lower the nice value, the higher the priority.

For information about how to change the priority of a process, see gnome-system-monitor-change-priority.

### ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਲੜੀਬੱਧ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ

ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਲੜੀਬੱਧ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ, ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਪਗ਼ ਹਨ:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. By default, the processes are listed by name, in alphabetical order. To list the processes in reverse alphabetical order, click on the Process Name column header.

3. Click on any column header to sort the processes by the information in that column, in alphabetical or numerical order.

4. Click again on the column header to sort the data in reverse alphabetical or reverse numerical order.

### To Modify the Contents of the Process List

You can modify the contents of the process list in several ways.

#### ਸਭ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣੇ

To show all processes in the process list, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. Choose View All Processes .

#### To Show Only Processes Owned by the Current User

To show only the processes that are owned by the current user, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. Choose View My Processes .

#### ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਸਰਗਰਮ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ

To show only the active processes in the process list, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. Choose View Active Processes .

#### ਨਿਰਭਰਤਾ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ

To show process dependencies in the process list, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. ਵੇਖੋਨਿਰਭਰਤਾ ਚੁਣੋ।

If the Dependencies menu item is selected, the processes are listed as follows:

- Parent processes are indicated by a triangle symbol to the left of the process name. Click on the triangle symbol to show or hide the associated child processes.

- Child processes are indented, and listed with their parent process.

If the Dependencies menu item is not selected:

- Parent processes and child processes are not distinguishable.

- All processes are listed in alphabetical order.

### ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦਾ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਨਕਸ਼ਾ ਵੇਖਣਾ

To display memory maps for a process, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. Select the process in the process list.

3. ਵੇਖੋਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਨਕਸ਼ਾ ਚੁਣੋ।

The Memory Maps dialog displays the information in tabular format. The name of the process is displayed above the memory-map table. From left to right, the Memory Maps dialog displays the following columns:

ਫਾਇਲ ਨਾਂ

- The location of a shared library that is currently used by the process. If this field is blank, the memory information in this row describes memory that is owned by the process whose name is displayed above the memory-map table.

VM ਸ਼ੁਰੂ

- The address at which the memory segment begins.

VM ਅੰਤ

- The address at which the memory segment ends.

VM ਆਕਾਰ

- ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਸਿਗਮਿੰਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ ਹੈ।

ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ

- The following flags describe the different types of memory-segment access that the process can have:

  p

- The memory segment is private to the process, and is not accessible to other processes.

r

- The process has permission to read from the memory segment.

s

- The memory segment is shared with other processes.

w

- The process has permission to write into the memory segment.

x

- The process has permission to execute instructions that are contained within the memory segment.

VM Offset

- The virtual memory offset of the memory segment.

ਜੰਤਰ

- The major and minor device numbers of the device on which the shared library filename is located.

Inode

- The inode on the device from which the shared library location is loaded into memory.

Click on any column header to sort the data by the information in that column, in alphabetical or numerical order. Click again on the column header to sort the data in reverse alphabetical or reverse numerical order.

Click Close to close the Memory Maps dialog.

### ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦੀ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਬਦਲਣੀ

To change the priority of a process, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. Select the process for which you want to change the priority.

3. Choose Edit Change Priority. The Change Priority dialog is displayed.

4. Use the slider to set the nice value of the process.

   The nice value sets the priority of the process: the lower the nice value, the higher the priority.

   To specify a nice value lower than zero, non-root users must enter the root password.

5. Click on the Change Priority button.

### ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ

ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਪਗ਼ ਹਨ:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ, ਚੁਣੋ।

3. Choose Edit End Process, or click on the End Process button.

   By default, a confirmation alert is displayed. For information about how to display or hide the confirmation alert, see gnome-system-monitor-prefs-proclist.

4. Click on the End Process button to confirm that you want to end the process. System Monitor forces the process to finish normally.

ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਕਣਾ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਸਿਫਾਰਸ਼ੀ ਢੰਗ ਹੈ।

### ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨਾ

ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਕਾਉਣ (ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ) ਲਈ ਪਗ਼ ਅੱਗੇ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਹਨ:

1. Select the Processes tab to display the process list.

2. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਚੁਣੋ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ।

3. Choose Edit Kill Process.

   By default, a confirmation alert is displayed. For information about how to display or hide the confirmation alert, see gnome-system-monitor-prefs-proclist.

4. Click on the Kill Process button to confirm that you want to terminate the process. System Monitor forces the process to finish immediately.

You usually terminate a process only if you cannot end the process normally as described in gnome-system-monitor-end-process.

### CPU ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ

To monitor CPU usage, select the Resources tab.

System Monitor displays the CPU usage history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the current CPU usage, as a percentage.

### ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੈਪ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ

To monitor memory and swap usage, select the Resources tab.

System Monitor displays the memory usage history and the swap usage history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the following numerical values:

- Used memory out of total memory

- ਕੁੱਲ ਸਵੈਪ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਵਰਤੀ ਸਵੈਪ

### ਨੈੱਟਵਰਕ ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੀ ਨਿਗਰਾਨੀ ਕਰਨੀ

To monitor network activity, select the Resources tab.

System Monitor displays the network history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the following numerical values:

- Received data per second and total

- Sent data per second and total

### ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ

To monitor file systems, select the File Systems tab.

System Monitor displays mounted file systems in tabular format. From left to right, the table displays the following columns:

ਜੰਤਰ

- ਬਲਾਕ ਫਾਇਲ ਦਾ ਟਿਕਾਣਾ

ਡਾਇਰੈਕਟਰੀ

- Mount point (directory to access) of device

ਕਿਸਮ

- File system type

ਕੁੱਲ

- ਕੁੱਲ ਸਮੱਰਥਾ

ਖਾਲੀ

- Amount of space not in use

ਉਪਲੱਬਧ

- Amount of space which can be used

ਵਰਤੀ

- Amount of space which is used (and percentage of Total)

### To Customize the Resources Tabbed Section

You can customize the Resources tabbed section in the following ways:

- gnome-system-monitor-customize-background

- gnome-system-monitor-customize-grid

- gnome-system-monitor-customize-cpu

- gnome-system-monitor-customize-mem

#### ਗਰਾਫ਼ ਦੇ ਬੈਕਗਰਾਊਂਡ ਰੰਗ ਬਦਲਣੇ

To change the background color of the System Monitor graphs, perform the following steps:

1. Choose Edit Preferences. The Preferences dialog is displayed.

2. Select the Resources tab in the Preferences dialog.

3. Click on the Background color button. The Pick a color dialog is displayed.

4. Choose a color from the Palette, or use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color.

5. ਇੱਕ ਰੰਗ ਚੁਣੋ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਠੀਕ ਹੈ ਦੱਬੋ।

6. ਪਸੰਦ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਬੰਦ ਕਰੋ ਦੱਬੋ।

#### ਗਰਾਫ਼ ਦੇ ਗਰਿੱਡ ਰੰਗ ਬਦਲਣੇ

To change the grid color of the System Monitor graphs, perform the following steps:

1. Choose Edit Preferences. The Preferences dialog is displayed.

2. Select the Resources tab in the Preferences dialog.

3. Click on the Grid color button. The Pick a color dialog is displayed.

4. Choose a color from the Palette, or use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color.

5. ਇੱਕ ਰੰਗ ਚੁਣੋ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਠੀਕ ਹੈ ਦੱਬੋ।

6. ਪਸੰਦ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਬੰਦ ਕਰੋ ਦੱਬੋ।

#### To Change the Line Color of the CPU Graph

To change the color of the line that represents CPU usage in the CPU History graph, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Resources tab in the System Monitor window, to display the graphs and table that provide information about the usage of system resources.

2. Click on the CPU color button. The Pick a color dialog is displayed.

3. Choose a color from the Palette, or use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color.

4. ਇੱਕ ਰੰਗ ਚੁਣੋ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਠੀਕ ਹੈ ਦੱਬੋ।

#### ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੈਪ ਗਰਾਫ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਾਇਨ ਰੰਗ ਬਦਲਣੇ

To change the color of the lines that represent memory and swap usage in the graph, perform the following steps:

1. Select the Resources tab in the System Monitor window, to display the graphs and table that provide information about the usage of system resources.

2. Click on the User memory or Used swap button. The Pick a color dialog is displayed.

3. Choose a color from the Palette, or use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color.

4. ਇੱਕ ਰੰਗ ਚੁਣੋ ਵਾਰਤਾਲਾਪ ਨੂੰ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਠੀਕ ਹੈ ਦੱਬੋ।

## ਮੇਰੀ ਪਸੰਦ

To configure System Monitor, choose Edit Preferences. The Preferences dialog contains the following tabbed sections:

- gnome-system-monitor-prefs-proclist

- gnome-system-monitor-prefs-resmon

### ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ

ਰਵੱਈਆ

- - ਸਕਿੰਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਇੰਟਰਵਲ

    Use this spin box to specify the interval at which you want to update the process list.

  - Enable smooth refresh

    Select this option to refresh smoothly.

  - Alert before ending or killing processes

    Select this option to display a confirmation alert when you end a process or terminate a process.

  - Solaris mode

    Select this to divide each process' CPU% in the Processes table by the number of CPUs.

ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਖੇਤਰ

- Use the following options to select which fields are displayed in the process list:

  - ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨਾਂ

    Select this option to display the name of the process. This column may also contain an icon to indicate the application that is associated with the process.

  - ਉਪਭੋਗੀ

    Select this option to display the name of the user who owns the process.

  - ਹਾਲਤ

    Select this option to display the current status of the process: sleeping or running.

  - ਵੁਰਚੁਅਲ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

    Select this option to display the amount of virtual memory that is allocated to the process.

  - Resident Memory

    Select this option to display the amount of physical memory that is allocated to the process.

  - ਲਿਖਣਯੋਗ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

    Select this option to display the amount of memory that can be written by the process.

  - ਸਾਂਝੀ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

    Select this option to display the amount of shared memory that is allocated to the process. Shared memory is memory that can be accessed by another process.

  - X ਸਰਵਰ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

    Select this option to display the amount of X server memory that is used by the process.

  - % CPU

    Select this option to display the percentage of CPU time currently being used by the process.

  - CPU ਟਾਈਪ

    Select this option to display the amount of CPU time that has been used by the process.

  - ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋਏ

    Select this option to display when the process began running.

  - ਨਾਈਸ

    Select this option to display the nice value of the process. The nice value sets the priority of the process: the lower the nice value, the higher the priority.

  - ID

    Select this option to display the process identifier, also known as the pid. The pid is a number that uniquely identifies the process. You can use the pid to manipulate the process on the command line.

  - ਮੈਮੋਰੀ

    Select this option to display the amount of system memory that is currently being used by the process.

  - Security Context

    Select this option to display the security context in which the process is running.

  - ਕਮਾਂਡ ਲਾਇਨ

    Select this option to display the command line that was used to start the process, including arguments.

### ਸਰੋਤ (ਰੀਸੋਰਸ)

ਗਰਾਫ਼

- - ਸਕਿੰਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਇੰਟਰਵਲ

    Use this spin box to specify how often you want to update the System Monitor graphs.

  - ਬੈਕਗਰਾਊਂਡ ਰੰਗ

    Use this button to customize the background color of the System Monitor graphs, as described in gnome-system-monitor-customize-background.

  - ਗਰਿੱਡ ਰੰਗ

    Use this button to customize the grid color of the System Monitor graphs, as described in gnome-system-monitor-customize-grid.

ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ

- - ਸਕਿੰਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਇੰਟਰਵਲ

    Use this spin box to specify how often you want to update the File Systems table.

  - ਸਭ ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਵੇਖੋ

    Select this option to show all file systems, including temporary and system ones.