ykpersonalize(1)

NAME
ykpersonalize - personalize YubiKey OTP tokens

SYNOPSIS
ykpersonalize [-1 | -2] [-sfile] [-ifile] [-fformat] [-axxx] [-cxxx] [-ooption] [-y] [-v] [-d] [-h] [-n] [-t] [-u] [-x] [-z] [-m] [-S] [-V]

OPTIONS

Set the AES key, user ID and other settings in a YubiKey. For the complete explanation of the meaning of all parameters, see the reference manual:

-1  change the first configuration. This is the default and is normally used for true OTP generation. In this configuration, the option flag -oappend-cr is set by default.

-2  change the second configuration. This is for YubiKey II only and is then normally used for static key generation. In this configuration, the option flags -oappend-cr, -ostatic-ticket, -ostrong-pw1, -ostrong-pw2 and -oman-update are set by default.

-z  delete configuration in selected slot

-sfile
    save configuration to file instead of key. (if file is -, send to stdout)

-ifile
    read configuration from file. (if file is -, read from stdin) Configuration import is only valid for the ycfg format.

-fformat
    format to be used with -s and -i. Valid options are ycfg and legacy.

-a[xxx]
    the AES secret key as a 32 (or 40 for OATH-HOTP/HMAC CHAL-RESP) char hex value (not modhex) (none to prompt for key on stdin) If -a is not used a random key will be generated.

-cxxx
    A 12 char hex value (not modhex) to use as access code for programming. NOTE: this does NOT SET the access code, that's done with -oaccess=.

-ooption
    change configuration option. Possible option arguments are

    fixed=fffffffffff
        The modhex public identity of the YubiKey, 0-32 characters long (encoding up to 16 bytes). It's possible to give the identity in hex as well, just prepend the value with `h:'. The fixed part is emitted before the OTP when the button on the YubiKey is pressed. It can be used as an identifier for the user, for example.

    uid=uuuuuu
        The uid part of the generated OTP, also called private identity, in hex. Must be 12 characters long. The uid is 6 bytes of static data that is included (encrypted) in every OTP, and is used to validate that an OTP was in fact encrypted with the AES key shared between the YubiKey and the validation service. It cannot be used to identify the YubiKey as it is only readable to those that know the AES key.

    access=fffffffffff
        New hex access code to set. Must be 12 characters long. If an access code is set, it will be required for subsequent reprogramming of the YubiKey.

    oath-imf=xxx
        Set OATH Initial Moving Factor. This is the initial counter value for the YubiKey. This should be a value between 0 and 1048560, evenly dividable by 16.

    [-]ticket-flag
        Set/clear ticket flag, see the section `Ticket flags'

    [-]configuration-flag
        Set/clear ticket flag, see the section `Configuration flags'

-y  always commit without prompting

-d  dry-run, run without writing a YubiKey

-v  Be more verbose

-h  Help

-V  Version

YubiKey NEO only

    -m mode
        set device configuration for the YubiKey NEO. It is parsed in the form mode:cr_timeout:autoeject_timeout
        where mode is:
        0 OTP device only.
        1 CCID device only.
        2 OTP/CCID composite device.
        3 U2F device only.
        4 OTP/U2F composite device.
        5 U2F/CCID composite device.
        6 OTP/U2F/CCID composite device.
        Add 80 to set MODE_FLAG_EJECT, for example: 81
        cr_timeout is the timeout in seconds for the YubiKey to wait on button press for challenge response (default is 15)
        autoeject_timeout is the timeout in seconds before the card is automatically ejected in mode 81

    -S0605...
        set the scanmap to be used with the YubiKey NEO. It must be 45 unique bytes as 90 characters. Leave argument empty to reset to the YubiKey's default. The scanmap must be sent in the order:
        cbdefghijklnrtuvCBDEFGHIJKLNRTUV0123456789!\t\r.
        the default scanmap in the YubiKey is:
        06050708090a0b0c0d0e0f111517181986858788898a8b8c8d8e8f
        9195979899271e1f202122232425269e2b28
        an example for simplified us dvorak would be:
        0c110b071c180d0a0619130f120e09378c918b879c988d8a869993
        8f928e89b7271e1f202122232425269e2b28
        or for a french azerty keyboard (digits are shifted):
        06050708090a0b0c0d0e0f111517181986858788898a8b8c8d8e8f
        9195979899a79e9fa0a1a2a3a4a5a6382b28
        and a turkish example (has a dotless i instead of usual i):
        06050708090a0b340d0e0f111517181986858788898a8b8c8d8e8f
        9195979899271e1f202122232425269e2b28
        Note that you must remove any whitespace present in these examples before using the values.

    -n URI
        Program NFC NDEF URI

    -t text
        Program NFC NDEF text

YubiKey 2.3 and above

    -u  Update existing configuration, rather than overwriting

    -x  Swap configuration slot 1 and 2 inside the YubiKey

Ticket flags

[-]tab-first
    Send a tab character as the first character. This is usually used to move to the next input field.

[-]append-tab1
    Send a tab character between the fixed part and the one-time password part. This is useful if you have the fixed portion equal to the user name and two input fields that you navigate between using tab.

[-]append-tab2
    Send a tab character as the last character.

[-]append-delay1
    Add a half-second delay before sending the one-time password part.

[-]append-delay2
    Add a half-second delay after sending the one-time password part.

[-]append-cr
    Send a carriage return after sending the one-time password part.

YubiKey 2.0 firmware and above

[-]protect-cfg2
    When written to configuration 1, block later updates to configuration 2. When written to configuration 2, prevent configuration 1 from having the lock bit set.

YubiKey 2.1 firmware and above

[-]oath-hotp
    Set OATH-HOTP mode rather than YubiKey mode. In this mode, the token functions according to the OATH-HOTP standard.

YubiKey 2.2 firmware and above

[-]chal-resp
    Set challenge-response mode.

Configuration flags
[-]send-ref Send a reference string of all 16 modhex characters before the fixed part. This can not be combined with the -ostrong-pw2 flag.

[-]pacing-10ms
    Add a 10ms delay between key presses.

[-]pacing-20ms
    Add a 20ms delay between key presses.

[-]static-ticket
    Output a fixed string rather than a one-time password. The password is still based on the AES key and should be hard to guess and impossible to remember.

YubiKey 1.x firmware only

[-]ticket-first
    Send the one-time password rather than the fixed part first.

[-]allow-hidtrig
    Allow trigger through HID/keyboard by pressing caps-, num or scroll-lock twice. Not recommended for security reasons.

YubiKey 2.0 firmware and above

[-]short-ticket
    Limit the length of the static string to max 16 digits. This flag only makes sense with the -ostatic-ticket option. When -oshort-ticket is used without -ostatic-ticket it will program the YubiKey in "scan-code mode", in this mode the key sends the contents of fixed, uid and key as raw keyboard scancodes. For example, by using the fixed string h:8b080f0f122c9a12150f079e in this mode it will send Hello World! on a qwerty keyboard. This mode sends raw scan codes, so output will differ between keyboard layouts.

[-]strong-pw1
    Upper-case the two first letters of the output string. This is for compatibility with legacy systems that enforce both uppercase and lowercase characters in a password and does not add any security.

[-]strong-pw2
    Replace the first eight characters of the modhex alphabet with the numbers 0 to 7. Like -ostrong-pw1, this is intended to support legacy systems.

[-]man-update
    Enable user-initiated update of the static password. Only makes sense with the -ostatic-ticket option.

YubiKey 2.1 firmware and above

[-]oath-hotp8
    When set, generate an 8-digit HOTP rather than a 6-digit one.

[-]oath-fixed-modhex1
    When set, the first byte of the fixed part is sent as modhex.

[-]oath-fixed-modhex2
    When set, the first two bytes of the fixed part is sent as modhex.

[-]oath-fixed-modhex
    When set, the fixed part is sent as modhex.

oath-id=m:OOTTUUUUUUUU
    Configure OATH token id with a provided value. See description of this option under the 2.2 section for details, but note that a YubiKey 2.1 key can't report its serial number and thus a token identifier value must be specified.

YubiKey 2.2 firmware and above

[-]chal-yubico
    Yubico OTP challenge-response mode.

[-]chal-hmac
    Generate HMAC-SHA1 challenge responses.

[-]hmac-lt64
    Calculate HMAC on less than 64 bytes input. Whatever is in the last byte of the challenge is used as end of input marker (backtracking from end of payload).

[-]chal-btn-trig
    The YubiKey will wait for the user to press the key (within 15 seconds) before answering the challenge.

[-]serial-btn-visible
    The YubiKey will emit its serial number if the button is pressed during power-up.

[-]serial-usb-visible
    The YubiKey will indicate its serial number in the USB iSerial field.

[-]serial-api-visible
    The YubiKey will allow its serial number to be read using an API call.

oath-id[=m:OOTTUUUUUUUU]
    Configure OATH token id with a provided value, or if used without a value use the standard YubiKey token identifier. The standard OATH token id for a Yubico YubiKey is (modhex) OO=ub, TT=he, (decimal) UUUUUUUU=serial number. The reason for the decimal serial number is to make it easy for humans to correlate the serial number on the back of the YubiKey to an entry in a list of associated tokens for example. Other encodings can be accomplished using the appropriate oath-fixed-modhex options. Note that the YubiKey must be programmed to allow reading its serial number, otherwise automatic token id creation is not possible. See section "5.3.4 - OATH-HOTP Token Identifier" of the for further details.

YubiKey 2.3 firmware and above

[-]use-numeric-keypad
    Send scancodes for numeric keypad keypresses when sending digits - helps with some keyboard layouts.

[-]fast-trig
    Faster triggering when only configuration 1 is available.

[-]allow-update
    Allow updating of certain parameters in a configuration at a later time.

[-]dormant
    Hides/unhides a configuration stored in a YubiKey.

YubiKey 2.4/3.1 firmware and above

[-]led-inv
    Inverts the behaviour of the led on the YubiKey.

OATH-HOTP Mode
When using OATH-HOTP mode, a HMAC key of 160 bits (20 bytes, 40 chars of hex) can be supplied with -a.

Challenge-response Mode
In CHAL-RESP mode, the token will NOT generate any keypresses when the button is pressed (although it is perfectly possible to have one slot with a keypress-generating configuration, and the other in challenge-response mode). Instead, a program capable of sending USB HID feature reports to the token must be used to send it a challenge, and read the response.

Modhex
Modhex is a way of writing hex digits where the “digits” are chosen for being in the same place on most keyboard layouts.

To convert from hex to modhex, you can use
    tr "[0123456789abcdef]" "[cbdefghijklnrtuv]"

To convert the other way, use
    tr "[cbdefghijklnrtuv]" "[0123456789abcdef]"

BUGS
Report ykpersonalize bugs in

SEE ALSO
The

YubiKeys can be obtained from