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window.h
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1 /* Copyright (C) 2005 to 2011 and 2013 Chris Vine
2
3 The library comprised in this file or of which this file is part is
4 distributed by Chris Vine under the GNU Lesser General Public
5 License as follows:
6
7 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
9 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of
10 the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 Lesser General Public License, version 2.1, for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 License, version 2.1, along with this library (see the file LGPL.TXT
19 which came with this source code package in the c++-gtk-utils
20 sub-directory); if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
21 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
22
23 */
24
25 #ifndef CGU_WINDOW_H
26 #define CGU_WINDOW_H
27
28 #include <c++-gtk-utils/cgu_config.h>
29
30 #ifdef CGU_USE_GTK
31 #include <gtk/gtk.h>
32 #endif
33
34 /**
35 * @class Cgu::WinBase window.h c++-gtk-utils/window.h
36 * @brief This is a class for managing the lifetime of top level
37 * widgets.
38 * @sa MainWidgetBase Application
39 *
40 * This class provides a base class for lifetime management of top
41 * level windows which can make GTK+ exception safe. It would be
42 * possible to use GTK+ to control the lifetime of the contained GTK+
43 * window object, through the delete event handler and the destroy
44 * signal. However in the case of a blocking window (say a dialog)
45 * this would result in an invalid object remaining in scope. It is
46 * better to use the C++ lifetime handling mechanisms to control
47 * object status, and this class does that. Where a Cgu::WinBase
48 * object is created as an auto (local) object its contained GTK+ top
49 * level window object will be valid while it remains in scope. For a
50 * Cgu::WinBase object which is not blocking (on which exec() is not
51 * called) and which is therefore created on free store the WinBase
52 * class will delete its own memory and destroy its contained GTK+ top
53 * level window object when it is closed (see below about the close()
54 * function).
55 *
56 * If a NULL pointer is passed as the last argument of its
57 * constructor, a new window object will be created with
58 * gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL). However, alternatively a
59 * pre-formed object deriving from GtkWindow (such as a GtkDialog or
60 * GtkMessageDialog object) can be passed as that argument, in which
61 * case the class will manage that object.
62 *
63 * A window will block with a call to exec(), which returns an int
64 * value. The exec() method obtains its return value by calling the
65 * virtual protected function get_exec_val(), which by default returns
66 * 0 but can be overridden to return something more meaningful. If
67 * something other than an int needs to be returned, it will be
68 * necessary for a derived class to provide an extractor function to
69 * obtain the data from the object after exec() has returned.
70 *
71 * A convenience virtual protected on_delete_event() method is
72 * provided for any derived class which needs to respond to that
73 * signal. It does not return a value (it does not cause a destroy
74 * event to be emitted as in the case of a GTK+ delete event handler
75 * returning false).
76 *
77 * If the class is constructed on free store and exec() has not been
78 * called on it, it self-destroys and any memory allocated to it freed
79 * by calling the protected close() function. If exec() has been
80 * called for an object, a call to close() will only terminate the
81 * window event loop (that is, cause exec() to unblock), which is
82 * correct for an auto (local) object as it will destroy itself when
83 * it goes out of scope. By default (that is, if not overridden by
84 * any derived classes) on_delete_event() calls close().
85 *
86 * No special memory management for GTK+ widgets contained in the
87 * WinBase object (or in an object of a class derived from WinBase) is
88 * needed. The GTK+ object system takes care of that, and they will
89 * be released when the life of the WinBase object finishes. For this
90 * reason, the WinBase class can be used to make GTK+ exception safe:
91 * as its constructor does not throw, exceptions thrown in the
92 * constructors of classes derived from it will be correctly dealt
93 * with without causing GTK+ to leak memory if a widget is put into
94 * its container in the derived class's constructor immediately after
95 * creation on a "top down" basis, or it is placed in another widget
96 * class derived from MainWidgetBase.
97 *
98 * If a C string is passed to the caption argument of the constructor,
99 * then the window will display that text as its caption. A NULL
100 * pointer can be passed if no caption is required. Likewise if a
101 * pointer to a GdkPixbuf object is passed as the second parameter, it
102 * will be used to set a window icon in the window bar (if the user's
103 * window manager supports this).
104 *
105 * The constructor of WinBase does not call gtk_widget_show() because
106 * the constructor of a derived class may want to do things which
107 * require the window not to be visible. Accordingly the constructor
108 * of the derived class (or the library user) should call the
109 * WinBase::show_all() method(), or call
110 * gtk_widget_show()/gtk_widget_show_all() via WinBase::get_win().
111 *
112 * See @ref Threading for particulars about GTK+ thread safety (and so
113 * WinBase thread safety).
114 *
115 * WinBase objects can be used with widget heirarchies or top level
116 * windows created using GtkBuilder. See @ref GtkBuilder for
117 * particulars about that.
118 *
119 * A small compilable example is as follows:
120 *
121 * @anchor WinBaseExampleAnchor
122 * @code
123 * #include <gtk/gtk.h>
124 * #include <c++-gtk-utils/window.h>
125 *
126 *
127 * // *** class headers ***
128 *
129 * extern "C" void message_button_clicked(GtkWidget*, void*);
130 *
131 * class Message: public Cgu::WinBase {
132 * public:
133 * friend void message_button_clicked(GtkWidget*, void*);
134 * Message(const char* text);
135 * };
136 *
137 *
138 * // *** class implementation ***
139 *
140 * void message_button_clicked(GtkWidget*, void* data) {
141 * static_cast<Message*>(data)->close();
142 * }
143 *
144 * Message::Message(const char* text): Cgu::WinBase("Message", 0, true) {
145 * GtkWidget* box = gtk_vbox_new(false, 2);
146 * gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(get_win()), box);
147 * GtkWidget* label = gtk_label_new(text);
148 * gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box), label,
149 * true, false, 0);
150 * GtkWidget* button_box = gtk_hbutton_box_new();
151 * gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box), button_box,
152 * false, false, 0);
153 * GtkWidget* button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);
154 * gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button_box), button);
155 * g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button), "clicked",
156 * G_CALLBACK(message_button_clicked), this);
157 * gtk_widget_set_can_default(button, true);
158 *
159 * gtk_widget_show_all(GTK_WIDGET(get_win()));
160 * }
161 *
162 *
163 * // *** user code ***
164 *
165 * int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
166 * gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
167 * Message dialog("This is a message");
168 * dialog.exec();
169 * return 0;
170 * }
171 * @endcode
172 *
173 * See @ref Linkage for further discussion of the
174 * message_button_clicked() callback.
175 *
176 * @note The WinBase class will work fine if a GtkDialog object is
177 * passed to the last argument of the class's constructor formed from
178 * a call to gtk_dialog_new()/gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons(), but a few
179 * points should be noted:
180 *
181 * @note 1. If the response signal has been connected to, a delete
182 * event will cause a response signal to be emitted with the
183 * GTK_RESPONSE_DELETE_EVENT id, as well as causing the normal
184 * WinBase::on_delete_event() method to be called. If the response
185 * handler acts on the GTK_RESPONSE_DELETE_EVENT id by calling
186 * close(), then WinBase::on_delete_event() should normally be
187 * overridden to do nothing so that a double call to close() is not
188 * made (although c++-gtk-utils will check against and prevent such a
189 * double call of close() from a single delete event if that is not
190 * done).
191 *
192 * @note 2. It is usually best not to call gtk_dialog_run(). Instead,
193 * call WinBase::exec() for a blocking dialog, and override
194 * WinBase::get_exec_val() to return any required button response id.
195 *
196 * @note 3. If creating a GtkDialog object with
197 * gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons(), do not pass a GtkDialogFlags
198 * argument of GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT. A GtkDialogFlags
199 * argument of GTK_DIALOG_MODAL can be passed, but alternatively to
200 * make the dialog modal the user can pass 'true' as the modal
201 * argument of the WinBase constructor and pass the parent widget to
202 * that constructor rather than to gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons() (so
203 * that GtkDialogFlags(0) is passed as the third argument of
204 * gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons()). Either approach will work, but the
205 * second has the advantage of consistency with the WinBase interface.
206 *
207 * @note 4. Likewise, if using gtk_dialog_new_with_buttons(), any
208 * dialog caption can be passed either to the title argument of that
209 * method or to the caption argument of the WinBase constructor.
210 *
211 * @note Similar principles apply to the management of objects derived from
212 * GtkDialog.
213 *
214 * This class is not compiled into the library if the library is built
215 * with the \--without-gtk configuration option.
216 */
217
218 namespace Cgu {
219
220 #if defined(DOXYGEN_PARSING) || defined(CGU_USE_GTK)
221
222 #if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(2,99,0)
223 class Application;
224 #endif
225
226 class WinBase {
227
228 // main class object
229 GtkWindow* g_window_p;
230
231 bool in_exec_loop;
232 bool is_modal;
233 bool close_guard;
234 GtkWindow* parent_p;
235
236 #if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(2,99,0)
237 Application* app_p;
238 // only Cgu::Application can access these
239 void set_application(Application* app) {app_p = app;}
240 void unset_application() {app_p = 0;}
241 #endif
242
243 protected:
244 /**
245 * A function for the use of derived classes which will cause the
246 * window to unblock if exec() has been called. If it is not a
247 * blocking window (ie exec() has not been called so it has been
248 * constructed on freestore), this function will cause the window to
249 * delete itself. By default it is called by on_delete_event().
250 * This method will not throw (assuming, in a case where the
251 * Cgu::WinBase object has been added to a Cgu::Application object,
252 * that merely iterating through a list does not throw, as it would
253 * not on any sane implementation), unless a derived class's
254 * destructor throws, which it should not do.
255 */
256 void close();
257
258 /**
259 * Provides the value to be returned by exec(). This method will
260 * not throw (unless it is overridden by a derived class's method
261 * which throws).
262 * @return By default returns 0. It is intended to be overridden by
263 * derived classes where relevant to provide a more meaningful
264 * value.
265 */
266 virtual int get_exec_val() const;
267
268 /**
269 * Called when there is a delete event on the managed window.
270 * Unless overridden by derived classes it just calls close().
271 */
272 virtual void on_delete_event();
273 public:
274 #if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(2,99,0)
275 friend class Application;
276 #endif
277 #ifndef DOXYGEN_PARSING
278 // this helper class avoids exposing GObject callbacks with C
279 // linkage to the global namespace
280 class CB;
281 friend class CB;
282 #endif
283
284 /**
285 * This class cannot be copied. The copy constructor is deleted.
286 */
287 WinBase(const WinBase&) = delete;
288
289 /**
290 * This class cannot be copied. The assignment operator is deleted.
291 */
292 WinBase& operator=(const WinBase&) = delete;
293
294 /**
295 * Returns the GtkWindow object managed by this class. This method
296 * will not throw.
297 * @return The managed GtkWindow object.
298 */
299 GtkWindow* get_win() const {return g_window_p;}
300
301 /**
302 * Makes the window block. Calls gtk_main(). It is usually a bad
303 * idea to call this method (and so have nested loops) on a
304 * non-modal dialog. To cause the window to unblock, call close().
305 * Although the call to gtk_main() made by this method causes the
306 * nested main loop to block, callbacks such as timeouts, iowatches
307 * and similar events will continue to be triggered. This method
308 * will not throw.
309 * @return The value returned by get_exec_val().
310 * @note If this library is compiled against GTK+3 and the WinBase
311 * object has been added to a Cgu::Application object, then this
312 * method returns immediately with a value of -1.
313 */
314 int exec();
315
316 /**
317 * A convenience function which calls
318 * gtk_widget_show_all((GtkWidget*)get_win()). For classes which
319 * are intended to be derived from, it may be undesirable to call
320 * gtk_widget_show_all() in the class's constructor (a derived class
321 * may add widgets of its own in a way which requires the base
322 * class's widgets not to be realized). In such a case, calling
323 * gtk_widget_show_all() should be left to the user code. This is a
324 * function which makes that less verbose. It will not throw.
325 */
326 void show_all() {gtk_widget_show_all((GtkWidget*)get_win());}
327
328 /**
329 * The constructor will not throw.
330 * @param caption Window caption (optional).
331 * @param icon A pixbuf which will comprise the window icon (optional).
332 * @param modal Whether the window is to be modal. If this argument
333 * is false and the window is a dialog, the user may want to
334 * consider calling gtk_window_set_type_hint() and possibly
335 * gtk_window_set_transient_for() before it becomes visible.
336 * @param parent The parent of a modal dialog or NULL. This
337 * argument is only acted on where the modal argument is true. The
338 * parent will be made insensitive while the modal dialog is in
339 * existence, and automatically made sensitive again when the modal
340 * dialog is finished with. gtk_window_set_transient_for() is also
341 * called, which means that the dialog will normally be kept on top
342 * of its parent and/or centered over it by the window manager. If
343 * the user does not want the parent to appear as insensitive, pass
344 * NULL to this argument and call gtk_window_set_transient_for() in
345 * the derived class's constructor.
346 * @param window A preformed GtkWindow object (such as a GtkDialog
347 * object), or NULL. If NULL, gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)
348 * will be called.
349 */
350 WinBase(const char* caption = 0, GdkPixbuf* icon = 0, bool modal = false,
351 GtkWindow* parent = 0, GtkWindow* window = 0);
352
353 /**
354 * The destructor will not throw assuming, in a case where the
355 * Cgu::WinBase object has been added to a Cgu::Application object,
356 * that merely iterating through a list does not throw (as it would
357 * not on any sane implementation). Amongst other things, the
358 * destructor calls gtk_widget_destroy() on the managed top level
359 * window object.
360 */
361 virtual ~WinBase();
362
363 #ifdef CGU_USE_GLIB_MEMORY_SLICES_NO_COMPAT
364 CGU_GLIB_MEMORY_SLICES_FUNCS
365 #endif
366 };
367
368 #endif // CGU_USE_GTK
369
370 } // namespace Cgu
371
372 #endif // CGU_WINDOW_H