\chapter{SWI-Prolog License Conditions and Tools}
\label{sec:license}

As of version 7.4.0\footnote{Actually pre-release 7.3.33}, the
SWI-Prolog source code is distributed under the
\href{https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause}{Simplified BSD}
license:

\begin{verbatim}
    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
       distribution.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
    "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
    LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
    COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
    BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
    LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
    CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
    ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
\end{verbatim}

\noindent
This, unfortunately, \textbf{does not mean you can any version of
SWI-Prolog under the above license}. The SWI-Prolog core may be linked
to libraries that are more restrictive and in addition your code may
have loaded extension packages that have more restrictive conditions. In
particular, the core is by default linked to
\href{https://gmplib.org/}{libgmp}, distributed under the Lesser GNU
Public license.

The above implies you need to configure and recompile the system without
these components. For this we provide options to the \program{configure}
script:

\begin{code}
./configure --without-gpl
./configure --without-lgpl
\end{code}

\noindent
The GNU MP Bignum Library provides unbounded integers, rational numbers
and some cryptographical functionality. As libgmp is provided under the
Lesser GNU Public license it may legally be combined with proprietary
software as long as libgmp is \jargon{dynamically linked} (default) and
the end user can replace the libgmp shared object and use your
application with their (possibly modified) version of libgmp. In
practice this leads to problems if the application is not accessible
(e.g., embedded in closed hardware) or you want to avoid customers to
peek around in the process memory as they can easily do so by adding a
backdoor to the modified LGPL component. Note that such a protection is
in general not possible anyway if the customer has unrestricted access
to the machine on which the application runs.


\section{Contributing to the SWI-Prolog project}	\label{sec:contrib}

To reach maximal coherence we will, as a rule of thumb, only accept new
code that has the Simplified BSD license and existing code with a
\jargon{permissive} license such as MIT, Apache, BSD-3, etc. In
exceptional cases we may accept code with GPL or LGPL conditions. Such
code must be tagged using a \index{license/1}\predref{license}{1} directive (Prolog) or a call to
\cfuncref{PL_license}{} for foreign code and, if they are part of the core,
the code must be excluded using the \verb$--without-gpl$ or
\verb$--without-lgpl$ option.


\section{Software support to keep track of license conditions}
\label{sec:softlicense}

Given the above, it is possible that SWI-Prolog packages and extensions
rely on the GPL, LGPL or other licenses. The predicates below allow for
registering license requirements for Prolog files and foreign modules.
The predicate \index{license/0}\predref{license}{0} reports which components from the currently
configured system are distributed under non-permissive open source
licenses and therefore may need to be replaced to suit your
requirements.

\begin{description}
    \predicate{license}{0}{}
Evaluate the license conditions of all loaded components.  If the system
contains one or more components that are licenced under GPL-like
restrictions the system indicates this program may only be distributed
under the \const{GPL} license as well as which components prohibit the
use of other license conditions.  Likewise for for LGPL components.

    \predicate{license}{2}{+LicenseId, +Component}
Register the fact that \arg{Component} is distributed under a license
identified by \arg{LicenseId}. Known license identifiers can be listed
using \index{known_licenses/0}\predref{known_licenses}{0}. A new license can be registered as a known
language using a declaration like below. The second argument defines the
\jargon{category} if the license, which is one of \const{gpl},
\const{lgpl}, \const{permissive} or \const{proprietary}.

\begin{code}
:- multifile license:license/3.

license:license(mylicense, permissive,
                [ comment('My personal license'),
                  url('http://www.mine.org/license.html')
                ]).

:- license(mylicense).
\end{code}

\noindent
    \predicate{license}{1}{+LicenseId}
Intended as a directive in Prolog source files.  It takes the current
filename and calls \index{license/2}\predref{license}{2}.

    \cfunction{void}{PL_license}{const char *LicenseId, const char *Component}
Intended for the install() procedure of foreign libraries. This call can
be made \emph{before} \cfuncref{PL_initialise}{}.

    \predicate{known_licenses}{0}{}
List all licenses \emph{known} to the system. This does not imply the
system contains code covered by the listed licenses.  See \index{license/2}\predref{license}{2}.
\end{description}


\section{License conditions inherited from used code}
\label{sec:otherlicenses}

\subsection{Cryptographic routines}		\label{sec:cryptlicense}

Cryptographic routines are used in \index{variant_sha1/2}\predref{variant_sha1}{2} and \pllib{crypt}.
These routines are provided under the following conditions:

\begin{verbatim}
Copyright (c) 2002, Dr Brian Gladman, Worcester, UK.   All rights reserved.

LICENSE TERMS

The free distribution and use of this software in both source and binary
form is allowed (with or without changes) provided that:

   1. distributions of this source code include the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;

   2. distributions in binary form include the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
      in the documentation and/or other associated materials;

   3. the copyright holder's name is not used to endorse products
      built using this software without specific written permission.

ALTERNATIVELY, provided that this notice is retained in full, this product
may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL),
in which case the provisions of the GPL apply INSTEAD OF those given above.

DISCLAIMER

This software is provided 'as is' with no explicit or implied warranties
in respect of its properties, including, but not limited to, correctness
and/or fitness for purpose.
\end{verbatim}

\noindent
% do not remove
